Apparatus for separating suspended particles from gases



June 14, 1949. 1 E, WATSON rA| 2,472,995

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SUS PENDED PARTICLES FROM GASES Filed July 15, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS J. E. WATSON ETAL APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SUSPENDED June 14, 1949.

PARTICLES FROM GASES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 13, 1946 Patented June 14, 1949 214132995 ABPARATUSrEOR S-EPABATING SUSPENDEDA, BARTKJLlilsgFRoli/.tienesla:s,;#ii

tipularly when the dis'hrgerehd vi(v ,liariow o'if, colntraeted orprovidedwith a, cp regie/gt' This ihposede. 1iriiiteitioli upon the's' l parat Where 31611001?, Space or areavila l; i., separators. wasjlimiiea.

In our`present`ir'w'r1tior1,we pmi/ ide ai (ign,-A Struction of centrifugal. Severe'gftubes@hie enables them fqbe placed ma4 nqrizmi@ or' sub; staitially hrizqntql psit'icinj sg thattle' pSi'tiQned, i111 siviicelssiife;v tiersP so het' the; nuA QI tubes that may be empllpyef' 1S; 'riot' dep; 111.0011. the. emendare@ available. fr the" @Reef-at fIn'our invention We'pr del 2f dust outle i0'k thermes 'that fiables the ausiiiiw i ejected effectively from the tubes iii l@ positiQn-"Also We provide nf inlet 'rrll. which'ernable's 1:he tubes, t0. belely Sie? d'with qiit'interfering With'thef'freeiqnd ega, zow the, gas to the respective tbes. l

` rlfhe Avarious features of our iiiyentigri are illus; Hated by Way '0f example in bh lciiml ntf drawings in which Fig. 1 is a frQnt 'eleyaftipri of a centrifugal sepj img @pimms embodying. a. prefer? is contracted by means of an oblique truncated cone 35, the apex of which is below the projected axis of the tube. As shown in Fig. 3, by Way of example, the axis of the cone is on a projection of the lowermost element of the tubular cylinder 33 so that the lowermost parts of the cone and tube are in alignment and horizontal. It will be understood that the axis of the cone may vary somewhat from the above position.

Gases entering the plenum chamber are caused to circulate in the annular space between the tube 33 and the off-take tube 34 in a spiral path which throws the suspended particles outwardly against the inner surface of the tubes 33 separating them and giving them a lengthwise cornponent of momentum as well as a tangential momentum. This carries these particles to the dust outlet end of the tube. As these projected particles reach the cone 35 they continue freely on their path to the outer edge of the cone and are discharged in the respective dust compartments.

By having the cone, or frustum of the cone, obiique downwardly, the passage of the particles is greatly facilitated and a disturbance or eddying of the gases at the outlet of the tube is minimized as is also any tendency for air or gas to circulate from the dust receiving compartment into the centrifugal tube.

In order to enable the tubes to be spaced as closely-as possible, or giving the gas entering the tube a generally tangential or circulatory and spiral direction, the part of the tube about the off-take pipe 34 is open at its end and provided with a spiral partition or partitions 33 and 31 extending from the end of the tube toward, but short of, the inner end of the olf-take pipe 34. The wall of the tube is then cut away or open from the end to the partition to form an approximately longitudinal opening or openings 38 for the entrance of dust laden gases to be treated. The wall of the tube may also be cut away or open from the opening or openings 33 to the spirals 35 and 3l. Gases may, therefore, flow freely about theofE-take pipe 34 and in a generally helical direction into the openings 38 even though the tubes be placed very close together.

In this way the gases are given a spiral direction as they enter the annular space between the tube and the off-take pipe even though the gases flow to the various centrifugal tubes through the relatively wide or free space between the off-take pipes 34. In this way a free flow and distribution of the gases of the centrifugal tubes may be obtained with a much closer spacing of the tubes than would otherwise be possible.

The olf-take pipe is provided with a ange 39 which lits tightly against one of the partitions Il and the cone 35 is similarly provided with a flange 4G which ts against the opposite partition thus holding the centrifugal tubes xed in position. The off-take pipe 34 may be slightly tapered to enable it to be inserted endwise between the spiral vanes 36 and 3l.

In the operation of the apparatus clust laden gases supplied through the supply duct l2 divide and pass into the plenum compartments 2ii--2lA into the off-take pipe 34 and thence into the offtake compartments I4, I6, I8, 3B and 3l and there it is withdrawn into the off-take duct 32. As shown in the embodiment the off-take duct may be positioned on the top of the chamber l but it will be apparent that it could equally Well be positioned at the back or side opposite the supply duct I2.

What we claim is:

1. Centrifugal separating apparatus which comprises a centrifugal tube, an ott-take pipe extending axially into said tube at one end thereof, said tube having an inlet delivering in a rotatory direction to the space about said pipe and having a converging particle discharge passage at the opposite end of said. tube, the axis of said discharge passage being inclined to the axis of said tube.

2. Centrifugal separating apparatus which comprises a centrifugal tube, an off-take pipe extending axially into said tube at one end thereof, said tube having an inlet delivering in a rotatory direction to the space about said pipe, the end of said tube opposite said ofi-take pipe converging toward one side of said tube.

3. Centrifugal separating apparatus which comprises a centrifugal tube, an off-take pipe extending axially into said tube through one end thereof, said tube having an inlet delivering in a rotatory direction to the space about said pipe. and an oblique truncated cone extending from the end of said tube opposite said off-take pipe, the apex of said cone being in alignment with an extension of an element of said tube.

4. Centrifugal separating apparatus which comprises a centrifugal tube, an off-take pipe extending axially into said tube through one end thereof to form an annular space within said tube, said tube having an inlet delivering in a rotatory direction to said annular space, the end of said tube opposite said off-take pipe converging on an oblique frusto-conical curvature with the apex of said frusto-conical surface offset from the axis of said tube.

5. Centrifugal separating apparatus which comprises a centrifugal tube, an off-take pipe extending axially into said tube through one end thereof, a vane extending spirally between said tube and said outlet pipe, said tube being open at said end, the opposite end of said tube converging to an opening olf-center to the axis of said tube.

6. Centrifugal separating apparatus which comprises a centrifugal tube, an off-take pipe extending axially into said tube through one end thereof to form an annular space within said tube, said tube having an inlet delivering in a rotatory direction to said annular space, the opposite end of said tube converging to an opening off-center to the axis of said tube.

7. Apparatus for separating suspended particles from gases which comprises, in alternating horizontal succession, dust and off-take chambers, and plenum chambers one between each dust chamber and the next adjacent off-take chamber, horizontal centrifugal tubes in each said pleinum chamber, each centrifugal tube delivering at one end into the adjacent dust chamber and having a co-axial olf-take pipe delivering from its opposite end into the adjacent offtake chamber, said olf-take pipe extending into said centrifugal tube to form an annular space therein and said centrifugal tube having segments cut from its wall near the end opposite said dust chamber, to form for each segment a longitudinal edge ending short of the end of said oi-take pipe Within said tube and a helical edge extending from one end of said longitudinal edge to the opposite end of the longitudinal edge of the next adjacent segment and having a Wall extending from said helical edge to said off-take pipe.

JOI-1N E. WATSON.

CHARLES B. McBRIDEi.

REFERENCES CITED Number Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Hollingsworth Sept. 20, 1904 Jones et al June 12, 1917 Taylor Feb. 24, 1925 Pfeifer Nov. 12, 1929 Pfeifer Jan. 23, 1940 Danz J-uly 6, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Apr. 6, 1936 France May 21, 1927 

